Dana Corporation Form 10-Q/A
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q/A
(Amendment No. 1)

     
þ
  Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)          
  of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934          

For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2005
Commission File Number 1-1063

Dana Corporation


(Exact name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
     
Virginia   34-4361040

 
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation or organization)
  (IRS Employer
Identification Number)
     
4500 Dorr Street, Toledo, Ohio   43615

 
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)   (Zip Code)

(419) 535-4500


(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

     Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes þ No o

     Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes þ No o

     The number of shares of the Registrant’s common stock, $1 par value, outstanding at April 29, 2005 was 150,256,100.

 
 

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DANA CORPORATION
INDEX

         
    Page Number
Cover
    1  
 
       
Index
    2  
 
       
       
 
       
    3-16  
 
       
       
 
       
    17  
 
       
    18  
 
       
    19  
 Exhibit 31-A CEO Certification Rule 13A-14(A)/15D-14(A)
 Exhibit 31-B CFO Certification Rule 13A-14(A)/15D-14(A)
 Exhibit 32 Section 1350 Certifications

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EXPLANATORY NOTE

      This Amendment No. 1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Dana Corporation for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2005 which we filed on May 6, 2005, is being filed solely to modify a sentence in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Results of Operations (First Quarter 2005 versus First Quarter 2004) — Business Unit Sales Analysis” (MD&A) that addresses the volume of production in the off highway market segments served by our Heavy Vehicle Technologies and Systems Group. In the amended MD&A, we have inserted a phrase that clarifies the periods being compared and a percentage that was inadvertently omitted from the Form 10-Q filed on May 6, 2005. This Form 10-Q/A continues to speak as of May 6, 2005, and we have not updated or modified the disclosures therein for events occurring subsequent to that date.

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Dollars in millions

Market Outlook

Our industry is prone to fluctuations in demand over the business cycle. Production levels in our key markets for the past three years, along with our outlook for 2005, are shown below.

                                 
    Production in Units
                            Dana's  
                            Outlook  
    2002     2003     2004     2005  
     
Light vehicle (in millions):
                               
North America
    16.4       15.9       15.8       15.7  
Europe
    20.8       19.6       20.5       20.7  
Asia Pacific
    18.1       20.5       21.8       22.7  
South America
    1.9       1.9       2.4       2.6  
 
                               
North American commercial vehicle (in thousands):
                               
Medium-duty (Class 5-7)
    189       196       232       256  
Heavy-duty (Class 8)
    181       177       259       293  
 
                               
Off-Highway (in thousands)*
                               
North America
    260       281       325       353  
Europe
    466       452       450       453  
Asia-Pacific
    443       480       526       549  
South America
    55       61       65       69  


    *Wheeled vehicles in construction, agriculture, mining, material handling and forestry applications.

     Although North American light-duty production levels have been relatively stable in recent years, a number of factors are negatively impacting our activity in this market. First-quarter 2005 production levels were down compared to last year. In total, light vehicle production year over year was down about 5%, with light truck production being down about 6% and passenger cars down about 3%. Our primary segment of the market is light trucks. In recent years, the light truck market has generally been stronger than passenger cars as consumer interest in sport utility and crossover vehicles increased. However, negatively impacting today’s light truck market is the higher price of gasoline. The larger sport utility vehicles in particular have experienced a significant drop in demand, with production of a number of these vehicles down year over year more than 20%.

     Negatively impacting us, as well, in this market has been the continuing market share decline experienced by our two biggest customers – Ford and GM. Whereas total light truck production in the first quarter of 2005 is down about 6%, light truck production of Ford and GM vehicles is down about 9% and 14%, respectively. Overall, inventories of light trucks continue to be somewhat higher than normal, raising the possibility of additional production cutbacks over the remainder of 2005. In an effort to minimize continued loss of market share, Ford and GM have continued to use incentives to stimulate sales. As light trucks have been important to Ford and GM profitability, the decline in production and use of incentives have put increasing pressure on their financial performance.

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     A challenge that we and others in the light vehicle market face as a result of their declining profitability is the effect of continued price reduction pressure from our customers. Our largest customers in this market – the U.S.-based OE manufacturers – have experienced market share erosion to other international light vehicle manufacturers over the past few years. The more recent fall off in their light truck demand has intensified the situation even more. To the extent this trend continues, we expect the price reduction pressure will be ongoing. Our restructuring, divestitures and outsourcing initiatives have helped position us for this increasingly competitive landscape. As such, ongoing cost reduction programs, like our lean manufacturing and six sigma blackbelt programs, will continue to be important to improving our margins.

     Given the current environment - high gas prices, higher than normal light truck inventories and the erosion of market share of our biggest customers – there is considerable uncertainty surrounding production levels in this market for the remainder of the year.

     The commercial vehicle market, on the other hand, is relatively strong. In our biggest market, North America, first quarter 2005 Class 8 production approximated 75,000 units, up about 39% from the 54,000 units produced last year. The North American medium-duty commercial vehicle market has similarly been strong, with first quarter 2005 production up about 14% from a year ago. With inventories relatively stable and a strong order backlog, production for the remainder of the year in this market is expected to continue to be strong. A shortage of a key component during March delayed our production of certain heavy axles and adversely affected the volume of our shipments. Production of the component is stabilizing and we expect to reach maximum capacity for several months as we work to reduce the backlog of orders.

     In our other markets – off highway, European commercial and light vehicles and light vehicles in the Asia Pacific and South American regions – we expect either stable or improving production demand in the remainder of 2005.

Commodity Costs

     Steel and other raw material costs have had a significant impact on our results and those of others in our industry this year. With steel particularly, suppliers began assessing price surcharges and increasing base prices during the first quarter of 2004, and these have continued throughout the current year. The surcharges, as well as base prices, which increased over most of 2004, have leveled off in the past two quarters. A frequently used leading indicator for steel cost trends is the Tri-Cities #1 bundles scrap steel price index. Prices on this index more than doubled over the course of 2004 – peaking at $431 per ton in the fourth quarter. At the end of this year’s first quarter, the spot price of scrap steel on this index had declined to $246. The price rose to $269 in early April, but has remained close to that level ever since. With this decline in market scrap prices and some moderation of demand for steel, we are hopeful that steel costs will come down as we move through the year. However, the situation continues to be volatile and uncertain. As such, our forecast for the remainder of the year does not assume a significant drop in steel costs.

     Of our annual $1,200 in steel purchases, about 30% are in the form of raw steel from mills and processors, with the balance coming from components or products containing steel. While leverage is clearly on the side of the steel suppliers at the present time, we are managing the situation by consolidating purchases and taking advantage of OE manufacturers’ resale programs where possible. We are also working with our customers to recover the cost of steel increases, either in the form of increased selling prices or reductions in price-downs that they expect from us.

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     For the three months ended March 31, 2005, steel cost surcharges and price increases, net of recoveries from our customers, reduced our net income by approximately $32 as compared to the first quarter of 2004.

Other Key Factors

     Given the margin pressure from today’s higher raw material costs and the continued pricing demands of our customers, an area of critical focus for us is reducing our cost structure. Actions underway today include global purchasing initiatives, deployment of lean manufacturing techniques, standardizing administrative processes and pursuing value engineering activities by working with our customers to redesign existing components.

     In our markets, concentration of business with certain customers is common, so our efforts to achieve additional diversification are important. In the light vehicle market, we have been successful in gaining new business with several international manufacturers over the past few years. We expect greater customer diversity as more of this business comes on stream and we gain additional business with these customers.

     Broadening our global presence is also increasingly important. Global sourcing presents opportunities to improve our competitive cost position, as well as to take advantage of the higher expected growth in emerging markets such as China and India.

     Another key factor in our future success is technology. We are continuing to invest in advanced product and process technologies as we believe that they, as much as any factor, are critical to improving our competitive position and profitability. In keeping with these efforts, our recent moves to focus even more on our core OE markets will enable us to capitalize on the continuing trends toward modularity and systems integration in these markets.

New Business

     Another major focus for us today is growing our top line – revenue – faster and profitably.

     In the OE vehicular business, new programs are generally awarded to suppliers well in advance of the expected start of production. The amount of lead time varies based on the nature of the product, size of the program and required start-up investment. The awarding of new business usually coincides with model changes on the part of vehicle manufacturers. Given the cost and service concerns associated with changing suppliers, we expect to retain any awarded business over the vehicle life, which is typically several years.

     We expect net new business to contribute approximately $470 to our 2005 sales and a total of $1,100 in 2005 through 2007. The majority of this new business is outside North America with non-Big Three customers. Our efforts continued during this year’s first quarter, as we added $170 to our net new business coming on stream in the future. We are currently pursuing a number of additional opportunities which could further increase new business coming on stream for 2005, 2006 and later years.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash Flows (First Three Months 2005 versus First Three Months 2004)

                         
    Three Months        
    Ended March 31,     Dollar  
    2005     2004     Change  
Cash Flows — Operating Activities:
                       
Net income
  $ 18     $ 65     $ (47 )
Depreciation and amortization
    83       93       (10 )
Gains on divestitures and asset sales
    (1 )     (4 )     3  
Increase in operating working capital
    (266 )     (222 )     (44 )
Other
    (37 )     6       (43 )
     
Net cash flows used in operating activities
  $ (203 )   $ (62 )   $ (141 )
     

     Net income for the first three months of 2005 dropped significantly when compared to the first quarter of 2004 with the effect of steel price increases accounting for $32 of the decline and the divestiture of the automotive aftermarket businesses – accounted for as discontinued operations in 2004 – another $13. Depreciation and amortization was $10 lower in the first quarter of 2005, primarily the result of the recent divestiture of our automotive aftermarket businesses. Working capital increased as seasonal factors pushed trade receivables higher by $235. We also purchased larger amounts of steel as a precaution against shortages and prepared to meet the backlog related to a component shortage, key factors behind an $84 increase in inventory. The Other component in 2005 includes unremitted equity earnings, deferred tax benefits and a decrease in deferred compensation. Overall, cash flows used in operations totaled $203 in the first three months of 2005, a $141 increase from the $62 used in the same period in 2004.

                         
    2005     2004     Change  
Cash Flows — Investing Activities:
                       
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
  $ (70 )   $ (79 )   $ 9  
Payments received on leases and loans
    4       4        
Proceeds from asset sales
    35       103       (68 )
Payments from partnerships
    64       6       58  
Other
    1       (5 )     6  
     
Net cash flows from investing activities
  $ 34     $ 29     $ 5  
     

     Capital spending in the first quarter of 2005 was $9 less than the expenditures made in the comparable period in 2004 as we maintained tight control over expenditures. Proceeds from asset sales were significantly below the $103 generated in the same period in 2004; however, the vast majority of payments received from partnerships represent proceeds from the sale of assets by a DCC investee. Overall, we generated $34 from our investing activities in the first quarter of 2005, slightly more than the $29 generated in the comparable period in 2004.

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    2005     2004     Change  
Cash Flows — Financing Activities:
                       
Net change in short-term debt
  $ 164     $ 115     $ 49  
Payments of long-term debt
    (20 )     (259 )     239  
Issuance of long-term debt
            5       (5 )
Dividends paid
    (18 )     (18 )      
Other
    (1 )     5       (6 )
     
Net cash flows from (used in) financing activities
  $ 125     $ (152 )   $ 277  
     

     We made draws on the accounts receivable securitization program and the long-term facility to meet our working capital needs during the first quarter of 2005. The remainder of our debt transactions was generally limited to $20 of debt repayments, including a $10 scheduled payment at DCC, while dividend payments were even with the first quarter of 2004.

     Our estimate of cash outlays related to restructuring activities is approximately $39 for the remainder of 2005. Exclusive of our restructuring activities, we expect to reduce working capital by $100 for the year.

Financing Activities – Committed and uncommitted credit lines enable us to make borrowings to supplement the cash flow generated by our operations. Excluding DCC, we had committed and uncommitted borrowing lines of $1,173 at March 31, 2005. This amount included our new long-term credit facility in the amount of $400, which matures in March 2010. The interest rates under this facility equal the London interbank offered rate (LIBOR) or the bank prime rate, plus a spread that varies depending on our credit ratings. We also have an accounts receivable securitization program to help meet our periodic demands for short-term financing. The program in place at March 31, 2005 provided up to a maximum of $200 in borrowings, reflecting a formal reduction in the program following the sale of the majority of our automotive aftermarket businesses. We entered into a new program in April that provides up to $275 in borrowings. The amount available under the new program is subject to reduction based on adverse changes in the credit ratings of our customers, customer concentration levels or certain characteristics of the underlying accounts receivable. This program is subject to possible termination by the lenders in the event our credit ratings are lowered below Ba3 by Moody’s and BB- by S&P. As of March 31, 2005, we were rated Ba2 by Moody’s and BBB- by S&P. At March 31, 2005, borrowings outstanding under the various Dana lines consisted of $87 drawn by non-U.S. subsidiaries against uncommitted lines, $100 outstanding under the accounts receivable program and $75 under the long-term credit facility.

     Dana’s long-term credit facility requires us to attain specified financial ratios as of the end of certain specified quarters, including the ratio of net senior debt to tangible net worth; the ratio of earnings before interest, taxes and depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) less capital spend to interest expense; and the ratio of net senior debt to EBITDA, with all terms as defined in the long-term credit facility. Specifically, the ratios are: (i) net senior debt to tangible net worth of not more than 1.1:1; (ii) EBITDA (as defined in the facility) minus capital expenditures to interest expense of not less than 1.5:1 at March 31, 2005, 2:1 at June 30 and September 30, 2005 and 2.5:1 at December 31, 2005 and thereafter; and (iii) net senior debt to EBITDA of not greater than 3:1 at March 31, 2005, 2.75:1 at June 30 and September 30, 2005 and 2.5:1 at December 31, 2005 and thereafter. The facility was initially amended during March 2005 to modify two of the ratio requirements at March 31, 2005. The EBITDA minus capital expenditures to

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interest expense ratio was changed from 2:1 to 1.5:1 and the requirement under the net senior debt to EBITDA ratio was changed from 2.75:1 to 3:1. The ratio calculations are based on Dana’s consolidated financial statements with DCC accounted for on an equity basis. We were in compliance with all ratio requirements at March 31, 2005, including the covenants that existed prior to the March amendment.

     Based primarily on the levels of EBITDA and capital spend in the fourth quarter of 2004 and the first quarter of 2005, we expect that we will be required to further amend the facility to revise the covenants as of June 30 and September 30, 2005 as compliance with these covenants will be determined based on rolling four-quarter results. Noncompliance with these covenants would constitute an event of default, allowing the lenders to accelerate the repayment of any borrowings outstanding under the facility. We have initiated negotiations with the banks regarding the revision of the ratios. While no assurance can be given, we believe that we will be able to successfully negotiate amended covenants. However, if an event of default were to occur under the long-term credit facility, defaults might occur under our other debt instruments. Our business, results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected if we were unable to successfully negotiate amended covenants or obtain waivers on acceptable terms.

     We expect our cash flows from operations, combined with our long-term credit facility, amended as contemplated above, and our accounts receivable securitization program, to provide sufficient liquidity to fund our debt service obligations, projected working capital requirements, restructuring obligations and capital spending for a period that includes the next twelve months.

Hedging Activities — At March 31, 2005, we had a number of open forward contracts to hedge against certain anticipated cross-currency purchase and sale commitments. These forward contracts are for a short duration and none extends beyond the first quarter of 2006. The aggregate fair value of these contracts is a favorable amount of less than $1. These contracts have been valued by independent financial institutions using the exchange spot rates on March 31, 2005, plus or minus quoted forward basis points, to determine a settlement value for each contract.

     In order to provide a better balance of fixed and variable rate debt, we have two interest rate swap agreements in place to effectively convert the fixed interest rate on a portion of our August 2011 notes to variable rates. These swap agreements have been designated as fair value hedges and the impact of the change in their value is offset by an equal and opposite change in the carrying value of the notes. Under these agreements, we receive an average fixed rate of interest of 9.0% on notional amounts of $114 and we pay a variable rate based on LIBOR, plus a spread. As of March 31, 2005, the average variable rate under these agreements was 8.1%. The swap agreements expire in August 2011, coinciding with the term of the hedged notes. Based on the aggregate fair value of these agreements at March 31, 2005, we recorded a non-current liability of $4 and offset the carrying value of long-term debt. This adjustment of long-term debt, which does not affect the scheduled principal payments, will fluctuate with the fair value of the swap agreements and will not be amortized if the swap agreements remain open.

Cash Obligations — Under various agreements, we are obligated to make future cash payments in fixed amounts. These include payments under our long-term debt agreements, rent payments required under operating lease agreements and payments for equipment, other fixed assets and certain raw materials.

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     The following table summarizes our fixed cash obligations over various future periods as of March 31, 2005.

                                         
    Payments Due by Period  
            Less than 1     1 - 3     4 - 5     After 5  
Contractual Cash Obligations   Total     Year     Years     Years     Years  
Principal of Long-Term Debt
  $ 2,049     $ 44     $ 557     $ 431     $ 1,017  
Operating Leases
    410       78       124       94       114  
Unconditional Purchase Obligations
    92       85       7                  
Other Long-Term Liabilities
    1,382       211       260       264       647  
 
                             
 
                                       
Total Contractual Cash Obligations
  $ 3,933     $ 418     $ 948     $ 789     $ 1,778  
 
                             

     The unconditional purchase obligations presented are comprised principally of commitments for procurement of fixed assets and the purchase of raw materials.

     We have a number of sourcing arrangements with suppliers for various component parts used in the assembly of certain of our products. These arrangements include agreements to procure certain outsourced components that we had manufactured ourselves in earlier years. These agreements do not contain any specific minimum quantities that we must order in any given year, but generally require that we purchase the specific component exclusively from the supplier over the term of the agreement. Accordingly, our cash obligations under these agreements are not fixed.

     Other Long-Term Liabilities include estimated obligations under our retiree healthcare programs and the estimated 2005 contributions to our U.S. defined benefit pension plans. Obligations under the retiree healthcare programs are not fixed commitments and will vary depending on various factors, including the level of participant utilization and inflation. Our estimates of the payments to be made through 2009 considered recent payment trends and certain of our actuarial assumptions. We have not estimated pension contributions beyond 2005 due to the significant impact that return on plan assets and changes in discount rates might have on such amounts.

     In addition to fixed cash commitments, we may have future cash payment obligations under arrangements where we are contingently obligated if certain events occur or conditions were present. We have guaranteed $1 of short-term borrowings of a non-U.S. affiliate accounted for under the equity method of accounting. We have also guaranteed the performance of a wholly-owned consolidated subsidiary under several operating leases. The operating leases require the subsidiary to make monthly payments at specified amounts and guarantee, up to a stated amount, the residual value of the assets at the end of the lease. The guarantees are for periods of from five to seven years or until termination of the lease. We have recorded a liability and corresponding prepaid amount of $3 relating to these guarantees. In the event of a default by our subsidiary, we would be required to fulfill its obligations under the operating lease.

     We procure tooling from a variety of suppliers. In certain instances, in lieu of making progress payments on tooling that our customer will eventually own, we may guarantee a tooling supplier’s obligations under its credit facility secured by the specific tooling purchase order. Our

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Board authorization permits us to issue tooling guarantees up to $80 for these programs. There were no guarantees outstanding under these programs at March 31, 2005.

     Included in cash and cash equivalents at March 31, 2005 are cash deposits of $94 to provide credit enhancement of certain lease agreements and to support surety bonds that allow us to self-insure our workers compensation obligations. A total of $89 of the deposits may not be withdrawn. These financial instruments are expected to be renewed each year. We accrue the estimated liability for workers compensation claims, including incurred but not reported claims. Accordingly, no significant impact on our financial condition would result if the surety bonds were called.

     In connection with certain of our divestitures, there may be future claims and proceedings instituted or asserted against us relative to the period of our ownership or pursuant to indemnifications or guarantees provided in connection with the respective transactions. The estimated maximum potential amount of payments under these obligations is not determinable due to the significant number of divestitures and lack of a stated maximum liability for certain matters. In some cases, we have insurance coverage available to satisfy claims related to the divested businesses. We believe that payments, if any, in excess of amounts provided or insured related to such matters are not reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on our liquidity, financial condition or results of operations.

Contingencies – We are a party to various pending judicial and administrative proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. These include, among others, proceedings based on product liability claims and alleged violations of environmental laws. We have reviewed our pending legal proceedings, including the probable outcomes, our reasonably anticipated costs and expenses, the availability and limits of our insurance coverage, and our established reserves for uninsured liabilities. We do not believe that any liabilities that may result from these proceedings are reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on our liquidity, financial condition or results of operations.

Asbestos-Related Product Liabilities. We had approximately 120,000 active pending asbestos-related product liability claims at March 31, 2005, compared to 116,000 at December 31, 2004. Included at both dates were 10,000 claims that were settled but awaiting final documentation and payment. We had accrued $143 for indemnity and defense costs for these claims at March 31, 2005, compared to $139 at December 31, 2004. The amounts accrued are based on our assumptions and estimates about the values of the claims and the likelihood of recoveries against us derived from our historical experience and current information. We cannot estimate possible losses in excess of those for which we have accrued because we cannot predict how many additional claims may be brought against us in the future, the allegations in such claims or their probable outcomes.

     We have agreements with our insurance carriers providing for the payment of a significant majority of the defense and indemnity costs for the pending claims, as well as claims which may be filed against us in the future. We had recorded $122 as an asset for probable recovery from our insurers for these claims at March 31, 2005, compared to $118 at December 31, 2004. In addition to amounts related to pending claims, we had a net amount recoverable from our insurers and others of $28 at March 31, 2005, compared to $26 at December 31, 2004. This recoverable represents reimbursements for settled asbestos-related product liability claims and related defense costs, including billings in progress and amounts subject to alternate dispute resolution (ADR) proceedings with some of our insurers.

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Other Product Liabilities – We had accrued $9 for contingent non-asbestos product liability costs at March 31, 2005, compared to $11 at December 31, 2004, with no recovery expected from third parties at either date. The difference between our minimum and maximum estimates for these liabilities was $10 at both March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. We estimate these liabilities based on assumptions about the value of the claims and about the likelihood of recoveries against us, derived from our historical experience and current information. If there is a range of equally probable outcomes, we accrue the lower end of the range.

Environmental Liabilities – We had accrued $68 for contingent environmental liabilities at March 31, 2005, compared to $71 at December 31, 2004, with an estimated recovery of $10 from other parties recorded at both March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. The difference between our minimum and maximum estimates for these liabilities was $1 at both dates. We estimate these liabilities based on the most probable method of remediation, current laws and regulations, and existing technology. Estimates are made on an undiscounted basis and exclude the effects of inflation. If there is a range of equally probable remediation methods or outcomes, we accrue the lower end of the range.

     Included in these accruals are amounts relating to the Hamilton Avenue Industrial Park Superfund site in New Jersey, where we are now one of four potentially responsible parties (PRPs). The site has three Operable Units. At March 31, 2005, we estimated our liability for future remedial work and past costs incurred by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) relating to off-site soil contamination at Unit 1 to be approximately $1, based on the remediation performed at this Unit to date and our assessment of the likely allocation of costs among the PRPs. At that date, we also estimated our liability for future remedial work relating to on-site soil contamination at Unit 2 to be approximately $14, taking into consideration the $69 remedy proposed by the EPA in a Record of Decision issued in September 2004 and our assessment of the most likely remedial activities and allocation of costs among the PRPs, and our liability for the costs of a remedial investigation and feasibility study pertaining to groundwater contamination at Unit 3 to be less than $1, based on our expectations about the study that is likely to be performed and the likely allocation of costs among the PRPs.

Other Liabilities – Until 2001, most of our asbestos-related claims were administered, defended and settled by the Center for Claims Resolution (CCR), which settled claims for its member companies on a shared settlement cost basis. In that year, the CCR was reorganized and discontinued negotiating shared settlements. Since then, we have independently controlled our legal strategy and settlements, using Peterson Asbestos Consulting Enterprise (PACE), a unit of Navigant Consulting, Inc., to administer our claims, bill our insurance carriers and assist us in claims negotiation and resolution. Some former CCR members defaulted on the payment of their shares of some of the CCR-negotiated settlements and some of the settling claimants have sought payment of the unpaid shares from Dana and the other companies that were members of the CCR at the time of the settlements. We have been working with the CCR, other former CCR members, our insurers, and the claimants to resolve these issues. Due to the application in December 2004 of a portion of the payment received under the previously reported insurance settlement agreement, at March 31, 2005, we expected to pay a total of $50 in connection with these matters, including $47 already paid, and to recover a total of $42, including $29 already received. These amounts are unchanged from those reported as of December 31, 2004.

Assumptions – The amounts we have recorded for contingent asbestos-related liabilities and recoveries are based on assumptions and estimates reasonably derived from our historical experience and current information. The actual amount of our liability

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for asbestos-related claims and the effect on Dana could differ materially from our current expectations if our assumptions about the nature of the pending unresolved bodily injury claims and the claims relating to the CCR-negotiated settlements, the costs to resolve those claims and the amount of available insurance and surety bonds prove to be incorrect, or if currently proposed U.S. federal legislation impacting asbestos personal injury claims is enacted.

Critical Accounting Estimates

General

     The preparation of interim financial statements involves the use of certain estimates that differ from those used in the preparation of the annual financial statements, the most significant of which relates to income taxes. For purposes of preparing our interim financial statements we utilize an estimated annual effective tax rate for ordinary items that is re-evaluated each period based on changes in the components used to determine the annual effective rate.

Change in Stock Option Valuation Method

     As discussed in Note 2, we modified the method used to determine the fair value of stock options in the first quarter of 2005 to the binomial method. Our critical accounting estimates, as described in our 2004 Form 10-K, are unchanged.

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Results of Operations (First Quarter 2005 versus First Quarter 2004)

     We are organized into two market-focused business units - Automotive Systems Group (ASG) and Heavy Vehicle Technologies and Systems Group (HVTSG). Accordingly, our segments are our business units and DCC.

     Sales of our continuing operations by region for the first quarter of 2005 and 2004 were as follows:

                                                         
                                    Dollar Change Due To  
    Three Months                                     Organic  
    Ended March 31,     Dollar     %     Currency     Acquisitions/     Change &  
    2005     2004     Change     Change     Effects     Divestitures     Other  
 
North America
  $ 1,586     $ 1,594     $ (8 )     (1 )%   $ 16             $ (24 )
 
                                                       
Europe
    532       438       94       21 %     26               68  
 
                                                       
South America
    209       130       79       61 %     15               64  
 
                                                       
Asia Pacific
    161       149       12       8 %     3       9        
 
                                           
 
  $ 2,488     $ 2,311     $ 177       8 %   $ 60     $ 9     $ 108  
 
                                           

     Organic change presented in the table is the residual change in sales after excluding the effects of acquisitions, divestitures and currency movements. The strengthening of certain international currencies against the U.S. dollar since the first quarter of 2004 played a significant role in increasing our 2005 sales. In North America, the stronger Canadian dollar helped cushion the sales decline, but overall sales in the region were down. In Europe, the euro and the British pound strengthened, while in Asia Pacific the increase was led by the effect of the stronger Australian dollar.

     The net decrease in organic sales in North America is due primarily to lower production levels in the light vehicle market. First quarter production of all light vehicles was down approximately 5%. Production in the light truck segment – our primary light-duty market – was down by about 6%. Partially offsetting the sales decline associated with lower light vehicle production were higher production levels in both the medium-duty and heavy-duty commercial vehicle markets. The Class 8 commercial vehicle market in North America experienced an increase in production to approximately 75,000 units in the first quarter of 2005 from 54,000 units in the same period in 2004. While not as significant as in the Class 8 segment, growth in the medium-duty segment was also strong as unit production increased around 14% from the same period last year.

     In Europe, the organic sales growth resulted from stronger commercial vehicle and off-highway markets, and from new business that came on stream in 2004 and 2005. In South America, the organic sales increase reflects new business in ASG as well as stronger light vehicle production.

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     Sales by segment for 2005 and 2004 are presented in the following table. DCC did not record sales in either year. The “Other” category in the table represents facilities that have been closed or sold and operations not assigned to a segment, but excludes discontinued operations.

Business Unit Sales Analysis

                                                         
                                    Dollar Change Due To  
    Three Months                                     Organic  
    Ended March 31,     Dollar     %     Currency     Acquisitions/     Change &  
    2005     2004     Change     Change     Effects     Divestitures     Other  
 
ASG
  $ 1,810     $ 1,712     $ 98       6 %   $ 46     $ 9     $ 43  
 
                                                       
HVTSG
    674       578       96       17 %     14               82  
 
                                                       
Other
    4       21       (17 )     (81 )%                   (17 )
 
                                           
 
  $ 2,488     $ 2,311     $ 177       8 %   $ 60     $ 9     $ 108  
 
                                           

     ASG principally serves the light vehicle market, with some driveshaft sales to the commercial vehicle market. The organic sales increase was due primarily to the stronger commercial vehicle market, which experienced higher Class 8 production of about 39% and higher medium-duty production of around 14% in North America and stronger overall light-duty markets in South America and Asia Pacific. This more than offset the lower production levels in ASG’s primary market – the North American light truck market – which was down about 6% compared to the first quarter of last year.

     HVTSG focuses on the commercial vehicle and off highway markets. More than 90% of HVTSG’s sales are in North America and Europe. In the commercial vehicle markets in both North America and Europe, production levels were much stronger, with the North American Class 8 and medium-duty segments being up significantly, as previously noted. In off highway, global production levels in our key market segments, including construction, agricultural and material handling, were higher in the first quarter when compared to the same period last year and looking ahead are expected to be up about 4% in 2005. Most of our sales are in North America and Europe where certain segments are experiencing even higher production demands. Our off highway business is also benefiting from new customer programs which added to current year sales.

                         
                    Dollar  
    2005     2004     Change  
Revenue from lease financing and other income (expense)
  $ 32     $ 14     $ 18  

     Leasing revenue is $7 higher, primarily due to last year’s results including pre-tax losses on the sale of lease assets by DCC. Interest income increased $5, due in part to interest on a note receivable obtained in connection with our sale of the majority of our automotive aftermarket businesses in November 2004.

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     An analysis of our 2005 and 2004 gross and operating margins and selling, general and administrative expenses relative to sales is presented in the following table.

Gross and Operating Margin Analysis

Three Months Ended March 31,
                                 
    As a Percentage of Sales     Increase /     %  
    2005     2004     (Decrease)     Change  
     
Gross Margin:
                               
ASG
    6.40 %     9.10 %     (2.70 )%     (29.67 )%
HVTSG
    10.19 %     12.45 %     (2.26 )%     (18.15 )%
Consolidated
    6.49 %     8.92 %     (2.43 )%     (27.24 )%
 
                               
Selling, general and administrative expenses:
                               
ASG
    3.96 %     3.84 %     0.12 %     3.13 %
HVTSG
    4.98 %     5.81 %     (0.83 )%     (14.29 )%
Consolidated
    5.47 %     5.80 %     (0.33 )%     (5.69 )%
 
                               
Operating margin:
                               
ASG
    2.44 %     5.26 %     (2.82 )%     (53.61 )%
HVTSG
    5.20 %     6.64 %     (1.44 )%     (21.69 )%
Consolidated
    1.02 %     3.12 %     (2.10 )%     (67.31 )%

     In the ASG, the reduction in gross margins was due mainly to a year-over-year increase in steel costs of $38. Outside North America, ASG had some success recovering higher steel costs from customers. However, the major North American automotive companies have generally resisted accepting any price increases associated with steel surcharges. Adjusting for the higher steel costs, ASG’s gross margins in 2005 would have been 8.50%. Although sales were higher, the mix of business, pricing reductions, and inflationary cost increases also negatively impacted 2005 margins. The negative impact to margin from these factors was partially offset by various process cost reduction initiatives from programs like lean manufacturing and Six Sigma.

     HVTSG margins were similarly reduced by higher year-over-year steel costs, net of customer recoveries, of approximately $14. Removing the impact of higher net steel costs, HVTSG gross margins were 12.27%. Additionally, margins were negatively impacted by a component shortage from a principal supplier in March of this year which resulted in reduced shipments of heavy-duty axles and higher operating costs. Absent these two factors, gross margins in HVTSG exceeded those of the prior year, as the group benefited from overall higher sales.

     Consolidated selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses of $136 in the first quarter of 2005 were up from $134 in the comparative period in 2004. SG&A expenses within our manufacturing operations remained flat as a percentage of sales. Within the gradual phase-out of our leasing operations, SG&A expenses at DCC were lower, resulting in a lower consolidated SG&A expense as a percent of sales.

                         
                    Dollar  
    2005     2004     Change  
Income before income taxes
  $ 14     $ 35     $ (21 )

     Operating margin was $24 in the first quarter of 2005, down from $72 in the same period in 2004. As discussed previously, gross margins in our two manufacturing business segments were negatively impacted by higher steel cost, net of customer

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recoveries, of $52. The lower operating margin was partially offset by higher other income of $18 (previously discussed) and by lower interest expense of $8 due primarily to lower overall debt levels.

                         
                    Dollar  
    2005     2004     Change  
Income tax benefit
  $     $ 3     $ (3 )

     We recognized income tax benefits in the first quarter of both 2005 and 2004 that resulted in net tax provisions that were more favorable than would be expected at the U.S. statutory rate of 35%. The income tax benefit of less than $1 reported for the first quarter of 2005 was $5 more favorable than the expense expected using a 35% rate. The primary factor generating this additional benefit was the release of $4 of valuation allowances against tax assets resulting from net operating losses of our Japanese subsidiary whose profitability outlook was determined to no longer require any valuation allowance. For the same period in 2004, the income tax benefit of $3 was $15 more favorable than an anticipated expense provision of $12 derived by applying a 35% rate. The most significant favorable impact in 2004 related to utilization of capital loss carryforwards. Since the benefit of capital losses can only be realized by generating capital gains, a valuation allowance was recorded against the deferred tax asset representing the unused capital loss benefit. The valuation allowance is subsequently reduced when transactions generating capital gains occur, or are more likely than not to occur. The estimated annual effective tax rate estimated for interim tax purposes does not include any estimate for the utilization of the capital loss carryforward because we treat qualifying asset sales as discrete events. During the first quarter of 2004, we released $10 of the valuation allowance against our capital loss carryforward due primarily to the sale of certain DCC assets.

                         
                    Dollar  
    2005     2004     Change  
Equity in earnings of affiliates
  $ 7     $ 17     $ (10 )

     Equity earnings from our two largest equity affiliates were down $8, due primarily to higher costs for steel and other raw materials and lower sales volume.

Forward-Looking Information

     Forward-looking statements in this report are indicated by words such as “anticipates,” “expects,” “believes,” “intends,” “plans,” “estimates,” “projects” and similar expressions. These statements represent our expectations based on current information and assumptions. Forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those which are anticipated or projected due to a number of factors. These factors include national and international economic conditions; adverse effects from terrorism or hostilities; the strength of other currencies relative to the U.S. dollar; increases in commodity costs, including steel, that cannot be recouped in product pricing; changes in business relationships with our major customers and in the timing, size and continuation of their programs; the ability of our customers and suppliers to achieve their projected sales and production levels; the continued availability of necessary goods and services from our suppliers; competitive pressures on our sales and pricing; the continued success of our cost reduction and cash management programs, long-term transformation and U.S. tax loss carryforward utilization strategies and other factors set out elsewhere in this report, including those discussed under the captions Financing Activities and Contingencies within Liquidity and Capital Resources.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

     The Exhibits listed in the “Exhibit Index” are filed with or furnished as a part of this report.

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SIGNATURE

     Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

         
  DANA CORPORATION
 
 
Date: May 13, 2005  /s/ Robert C. Richter    
  Robert C. Richter   
  Chief Financial Officer   

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EXHIBIT INDEX

         
NO.   DESCRIPTION   METHOD OF FILING
 
31-A
  Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification by Chief Executive Officer   Filed with this report
 
       
31-B
  Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification by Chief Financial Officer   Filed with this report
 
       
32
  Section 1350 Certifications   Furnished with this report

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